WETO-H2 is structured around a business-as-usual case, and features two specific scenarios
that reflect the political will of Europe to be at the forefront of the struggle against climate
change and to promote new clean energy technologies:
The “reference case” describes the developments of the world energy system up to 2050, and
the related CO2 emissions assuming a continuation of existing economic and technological
trends. Without determined action, energy demand will double and electricity demand will

Pathways to 2050: Energy and Climate Change builds on the WBCSD’s
2004 Facts and Trends to 2050: Energy and Climate Change and
provides a more detailed overview of potential pathways to reducing
CO2 emissions.
The pathways shown illustrate the scale and complexity of the
change needed, as well as the progress that has to be made through
to 2050. Our “checkpoint” in 2025 gives a measure of this progress
and demonstrates the urgency to act early to shift to a sustainable
emissions trajectory.

In June 2009 DNV issued the fi rst Pathway to Low Carbon Shipping which demonstrated the potential to
reduce the CO2 emission of the existing fl eet by 15% in a cost effi cient manner. In this second Pathway
to Low Carbon Shipping DNV has analysed the projected fl eet in 2030. The study demonstrates that CO2
emissions by 2030 can be reduced by 30% below baseline in a cost-effective way, and by almost 60% if
all the identifi ed measures are included. While there is no single measure which could make it all happen,